ABOUT LAGOS: The
city of Lagos was originally formed by three islands: Lagos,
Victoria, and Ikoyi. Before the arrival of the Portuguese
on the coast of Lagos, the city was and it is still known
as Eko by the natives. The city was founded by a man known
as Olofin, who was the ancestor of today’s white
cap chiefs. The origin of the word Eko could be traced to either
the Yoruba word Oko (farm) or the Benin word Eko (Camp). The duality
meaning of Eko could be attributed to the fact that, the city is
a Yoruba town that was ruled by the Benin people. Even though Lagos
is a Yoruba city, Benin influence is very pervasive in the culture
of the People of Eko.
The city became a trading center with center and slave depot when
the Portuguese were invited to the island by Oba Akinsemoyin in
1704. The British who initially came on commercial expeditions
were invited by Oba Akintoye to help subdue the rebellious prince,
and later Oba Kosoko.
The British used the opportunity to establish themselves in Lagos
and eventually in Nigeria. On August 6, 1861, the small Yoruba
Kingdom of Lagos was ceded to Britain by Oba Dosumu. Thus, Lagos
became the first town experience British rule in present day Nigeria.
In 1914, Lagos was proclaimed the capital of Nigeria, and remained
so until recently when the capital was moved to Abuja.
By 1851 after the abolition of the slave trade, there was a great
attraction to Eko by the repatriates. First, were the Saro, mainly
freed Yoruba captives, and their descendants who, having been set
ashore in Sierra Leone, responded to the pull of their homeland,
and returned in successive waves to Eko. Having had the privilege
of Western education and Christianity, they made remarkable contributions
to education and the rapid modernization of Lagos. They were granted
land to settle in the Olowogbowo and Breadfruit areas of the island.
The Brazilian returnees, the Aguda, also started arriving in Lagos
in the mid-19th century and brought with them the skills they had
acquired in Brazil. Most of them were master-builders, carpenters
and masons, and gave the distinct characteristics of Brazilian
architecture to their residential buildings at Bamgbose and Campos
Square areas, which form a large proportion of architectural richness
of the city. |